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Mathematical One-liners

This is a collection of succinct but wonderfully satisfying theorems. Leave a comment if you have a good one!

The punchlines are hidden; try to guess the blanks!
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  • Liouville’s theorem
    A bounded complex differentiable function is constant.

  • Jordan normal form
    A matrix is similar to an upper triangular matrix.

  • Cauchy’s integral theorem
    The integral of a holomorphic function around a loop vanishes identically.

  • Riemann Mapping Theorem
    Strict subsets of \(ℂ\) which are nonempty, open, and simply connected are related by a conformal mapping.

  • A complete ordered field is the real line.

  • Every field is a subfield of the surreal numbers.

  • Cayley’s theorem
    All groups are permutation groups.

  • Lagrange’s theorem
    The order of a finite group is divisible by the orders of its subgroups.

  • Fundamental theorem of finite Abelian groups
    A finite Abelian group is a direct sum of prime-order cyclic groups.

  • The \(ℤ\)-modules are exactly the Abelian groups.

  • Cayley–Hamilton theorem
    A square matrix satisfies its own characteristic polynomial.

  • Green–Tao theorem
    There are arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions of primes.

  • Dirichlet’s Theorem
    Every proper arithmetic sequence contains infinitely many primes.

  • Two random infinite graphs are isomorphic with probability one.