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Mathematical One-liners

This is a collection of succinct but wonderfully satisfying theorems. Leave a comment if you have a good one!

The punchlines are hidden; try to guess the blanks or toggle “spoilers”.

  • (Liouville’s theorem)
    A bounded complex differentiable function is constant.

  • (Cauchy’s integral theorem)
    The integral of a holomorphic function around a loop vanishes identically.

  • A complete ordered field is the real line.

  • (Cayley’s theorem)
    All groups are permutation groups.

  • (Lagrange’s theorem)
    The order of a finite group is divisible by the orders of its subgroups.

  • (Fundamental theorem of finite Abelian groups)
    A finite Abelian group is a direct sum of prime-order cyclic groups.

  • The \(ℤ\)-modules are exactly the Abelian groups.

  • (Cayley–Hamilton theorem)
    A square matrix satisfies its own characteristic polynomial.

  • (Green–Tao theorem)
    There are arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions of primes.

  • (Dirichlet’s Theorem)
    Every proper arithmetic sequence contains infinitely many primes.

  • Two random infinite graphs are isomorphic with probability one.